Parasitoids in Pest Management

“wasp can be credited with almost total commercial control of this aphid”

p. 94 #6493238

“introduced L. testaceipes was very effective bioagent”

p. 95 #6493239

“It also attacks A. gossypii on citrus”

p. 95 #6493240

“aphid is attacked by Aphidius ervi Haliday in southeastern Australia and Tasmania”

p. 95 #6493241

“established in Australia … as a result of introductions between 1977 and 1981 against Acyrthosiphon kondoi”

p. 95 #6493242

“over 7.6 million trees were saved in Yemen”

p. 96 #6493243

“severity of damage by the aphid has however, declined in both countries”

p. 97 #6493244

“effective A. gossypii management alternative to traditional insecticide control”

p. 98 #6493245

“detrimental effect on the aphid parasitoid, Diaeretiella rapae, which resulted in less efficient control”

p. 99 #6493246

“benefit: cost ratio of 199:1 based on world market price of cassava”

p. 135 #6493349

“successfully controlled the papaya mealybug within a period of six months”

p. 140 #6493350

“successfully controlled the papaya mealybug within a period of six months”

p. 140 #6493351

“key role in checking the menace of another alien invasive species, solenopsis mealybug”

p. 141 #6493352

“Biological control of citrus mealybug, Planococcus citri with an introduced parasite, Leptomastix dactylopii”

p. 138 #6493353

“mass culture of A. mayurai is maintained on sugarcane setts infested with M. glomerata”

p. 138 #6493354

“Each mummified larva may yield up to 60–100 adults of the parasitoid”

p. 139 #6493355

“substantial or useful levels of control of golden oak scale”

p. 135 #6493356

“introduced to different parts of the world as biocontrol agents against Ceroplastes or soft scales”

p. 135 #6493357

“F. virgata, Maconellicoccus hirsutus Green, N. viridis, P. solenopsis, P. citri”

p. 136 #6493358

“F. virgata, M. hirsutus, N. viridis, P. solenopsis, P. citri”

p. 136 #6493359

“F. virgata, M. hirsutus, N. viridis, P. solenopsis, P. citri”

p. 136 #6493360

“P. solenopsis Vennila et al. (2010) Nagrare et al. (2011)”

p. 136 #6493361

“Hunterellus hookeri Howard a parasitoid of ixodid ticks”

p. 135 #6493362

“F. virgata, P. citri”

p. 136 #6493363

“Terminalia arjuna leaves galled by psyllid Trioza hirsuta which is parasitized by Psyllaephagus phylloplectrae”

p. 134 #6493364

“well established in India, acting as a substantial biological control agent”

p. 153 #6493382

“A. mali has emerged as a key population regulatory agent of E. lanigerum”

p. 153 #6493383

“very effective in controlling P. citri on acid lime, lemon, mandarins”

p. 153 #6493384

“capable of parasitising Planococcus citri and P. lilacinus”

p. 153 #6493385

“proven to be a very effective biocontrol agent against the coconut black-headed caterpillar”

p. 154 #6493386

“Tetrastichus pyrillae parasitizes 20 to 50 per cent Pyrilla eggs”

p. 154 #6493387

“locate and parasitize this stem borer inside the galleries formed within sugarcane stems”

p. 154 #6493388

“effectively utilised in the biocontrol of sugarcane borers in Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Gujarat”

p. 155 #6493389

“Inundative releases of egg parasitoid, T. japonicum against sugarcane tissue borers well documented”

p. 155 #6493390

“T. pretiosum was found very effective against the pest”

p. 155 #6493391

“Parasites of Icerya species of scale insects (Hemiptera: Margarodidae)”

p. 176 #6495036

“Parasites of Asterolecanium species in Asterolecaniidae”

p. 176 #6495037

“Parasites of the beetle, Dinoderus minutus, and Sitophilus oryzae”

p. 176 #6495038

“Parasites of muscoidea flies, blow flies, Drosophila, and many fruit flies”

p. 178 #6495039

“Parasites of butterflies in Nymphalidae, Papilionidae, Pieridae and moths”

p. 178 #6495040

“Parasites of Cerococcus hibisci and many scale insects in Coccidae”

p. 179 #6495041

“Parasites of flies in Anthomyiidae, Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae and Muscidae”

p. 179 #6495042

“Parasites of Lasioderma, Stegibium, beetles in Bruchidae and Sitotroga cerealella”

p. 179 #6495043

“Parasites of Dicladispa armigera and Oulema oryzae”

p. 179 #6495044

“Parasites of Neodiprion sertifer and many moths in Coleophoridae and Tortricidae”

p. 179 #6495045

“Trichogramma chilonis parasitises various lepidopteran pests in different ecosystems”

p. 182 #6495046

“Trichogramma japonicum, an egg parasite of internode borer”

p. 182 #6495047

“Trichogramma achaeae in biological control of Tuta absoluta in greenhouses”

p. 183 #6495048

“Q. mendeli mass-produced and released; drastic reduction within two years”

p. 213 #6495056

“Two parasitoids, Q. mendeli and Selitrichodes kryseri, imported to India”

p. 213 #6495057

“T. radiata killed 90% of presented nymphs through parasitism and host feeding”

p. 213 #6495058

“Pediobius foveolatus releases gave high parasitism, ranging from 80 to 100%”

p. 213 #6495059

“Phymastichus coffea, a successfully established biocontrol against coffee berry borer”

p. 213 #6495060

“Telenomus remus is an effective egg parasitoid of Spodoptera litura”

p. 213 #6495061

“Tetrastichus howardii effective parasitoid of Helicoverpa armigera, Spodoptera litura, Chilo”

p. 214 #6495062

“Tetrastichus pyrillae and T. ayyari for Pyrilla perpusilla on sugarcane”

p. 214 #6495063

“Diglyphus spp. against Liriomyza spp.”

p. 214 #6495064

“Pediobius parvulus and Dimmockia javana for coconut leafminer in South East Asia”

p. 214 #6495065

“Aprostocetus doonensis Singh — Procontarinia mangiferae, India: Dehradun”

p. 207 #6495066

“T. remus is a potential parasitoid of FAW eggs”

p. 242 #6495068

“Trichogramma pretiosum natural parasitism in Neoleucinodes elegantalis on tomato”

p. 240 #6495069

“Trichogramma achaeae in biological control of Tuta absoluta in greenhouse tomato”

p. 240 #6495070

“Production of T. dendrolimi and T. chilonis at commercial scale using large host eggs in China”

p. 243 #6495071

“S. cerealella suitable for mass rearing of T. ostriniae in China”

p. 243 #6495072

“Gryon clavigrallae attacking Clavigralla gibbosa and C. scutellaris on pigeonpea”

p. 267 #6495075

“Single female of G. gonikopalense produced 20 to 94 offspring”

p. 267 #6495076

“Telenomus busseolae, the egg parasitoid of Sesamia spp., attacking cereals”

p. 268 #6495077

“The age of host eggs affects oviposition of Telenomus podisi”

p. 268 #6495078

“Members of genus Telenomus primarily parasitoids of Lepidoptera”

p. 268 #6495079

“Telenomus beneficiens ex eggs of Chilo infuscatellus, C. sacchariphagus, S. nivella on sugarcane”

p. 271 #6495080

“Phanuromyia and crassiclava Telenomus, parasitoids of planthopper eggs, the fulgorids”

p. 268 #6495081

“Ex. eggs of Helopeltis antonii on guava neem and tea”

p. 269 #6495104

“Ex. egg mass of Scirpophaga nivella on sugarcane”

p. 269 #6495105

“Ex. eggs of Scirpophaga nivella, Scirpophaga incertulas”

p. 269 #6495106

“Ex eggs of Euproctis lunata”

p. 269 #6495107

“Ex eggs of Chilo sacchariphagus on sugarcane”

p. 269 #6495108

“Amsacta albistriga on Groundnut”

p. 270 #6495109

“Spilarctia oblique on Pigeon pea”

p. 270 #6495110

“Telenomus oryzae emerging from Rice Black Bug eggs on rice”

p. 272 #6495111

“parasitism rates reached up to 90%”

p. 271 #6495112

“T. remus is also reported from the eggs of S. litura and S. exigua”

p. 271 #6495113

“Ex. eggs of Bagrada cruciferarum”

p. 270 #6495114

“Antestiopsis cruciata on Jasmine”

p. 270 #6495115

“Ex. eggs of Bagrada cruciferarum Kirkaldy”

p. 270 #6495116

“an Old World egg parasitoid from the eggs of Bagrada hilaris”

p. 273 #6495117

“Releasing Trissolcus basalis in mass into soybean fields”

p. 275 #6495118

“Trissolcus japonicus the primary candidate for biocontrol of Halyomorpha halys”

p. 274 #6495119

“Gryon gonikopalense being evaluated as a candidate for classical biocontrol”

p. 273 #6495120

“selected flowers as nectar resources had an impact on parasitisation”

p. 273 #6495121

“recovered from Plassey borer, Chilo tumidicostalis”

p. 275 #6495122

“parasitoid recovery was 60–80%”

p. 275 #6495123

“releases that integrate Trichogramma with both Bt and Apanteles”

p. 274 #6495124

“reduced the use of insecticides by 50% on tomato and cassava”

p. 274 #6495125

“E. pergandiella prefers second and third instar nymphs”

p. 293 #6495135

“ectoparasitoids of diaspidid scales, the most widely used in applied biocontrol”

p. 295 #6495136

“Encarsia flavoscutellum is a successful biocontrol agent of the sugarcane woolly aphid”

p. 300 #6495137

“best used for preventing the establishment of the greenhouse whitefly”

p. 304 #6495138

“can parasitise the sweet potato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci)”

p. 304 #6495139

“well-known endoparasitoids of whiteflies, nearly cosmopolitan”

p. 300 #6495140

“females are primary parasitoids in diaspidid scale insects”

p. 299 #6495141

“98% control was soon achieved in the Kullu Valley”

p. 304 #6495142

“common biparental ectoparasitoid of Aonidiella aurantii”

p. 303 #6495143

“important indigenous ectoparasitoid of Quadraspidiotus pernisiosus”

p. 303 #6495144

“endoparasitoid of diaspidids”

p. 301 #6495145

“parasitic on diaspidid scales of the tribe Odonaspidini”

p. 301 #6495146

“specific parasitoid of gall-making aphids of the genus Pemphigus on poplar trees”

p. 302 #6495147

“endoparasitic on scale insects belonging to Cerococcidae and Coccidae”

p. 301 #6495148

“eating plant-sucking insects, like thrips and aphids”

p. 318 #6495154

“Feltiella acarisuga, is a biocontrol agent for two-spotted spider mites”

p. 321 #6495155

“70% of their known host species”

p. 322 #6495156

“seven tachinids as natural parasitoids of this lepidopteran pest”

p. 322 #6495157

“Compsilura concinnata Meigen successfully introduced from Europe”

p. 322 #6495158

“seven tachinids as natural parasitoids”

p. 322 #6495159

“for the biocontrol of the coleopteran pest species, Rhynchophorus palmarum”

p. 322 #6495160

“to control D. Saccharalis and other lepidopterous sugarcane borers”

p. 322 #6495161

“Sciomyzidae is larval parasitoid of snails, slugs”

p. 321 #6495162

“Opisina arenosella, a devastating pest of coconut in tropical India”

p. 214 #6495051

“Oomyzus sokolovskii against diamond-back moth, Plutella xylostella”

p. 214 #6495054

“Recent invasive fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda on Indian Maize”

p. 242 #6495067

“Ex. egg mass of Scirpophaga nivella on sugarcane”

p. 269 #6495082

“Chilo saccariphagus indicus on sugarcane”

p. 269 #6495083

“Helopeltis antonii on guava neem and tea”

p. 269 #6495084

“Helopeltis antonii on guava neem and tea”

p. 269 #6495085

“Helopeltis antonii on guava neem and tea”

p. 269 #6495086

“Helopeltis spp., a polyphagous pest attacking cashew, cocoa”

p. 273 #6495087

“Helopeltis spp., a polyphagous pest attacking cashew, cocoa”

p. 273 #6495088

“attacking cashew, cocoa, neem, guava, tea, black pepper”

p. 273 #6495089

“Amsacta albistriga on Groundnut”

p. 270 #6495090

“Spilarctia oblique on Pigeon pea”

p. 270 #6495091

“Scotinophara sp. on Oryza sativa”

p. 270 #6495092

“fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda first reported from India in 2018”

p. 271 #6495093

“cereal crops like rice, wheat and maize, are the most affected”

p. 271 #6495094

“cereal crops like rice, wheat and maize, are the most affected”

p. 271 #6495095

“The bug is a serious pest of cruciferous vegetables”

p. 273 #6495096

“the cabbage moth, Mamestra brassicae”

p. 273 #6495097

“to control Achaea janata on castor”

p. 275 #6495098

“Spodoptera litura on papaya, cabbage and tobacco nursery”

p. 275 #6495099

“Spodoptera litura on papaya, cabbage and tobacco nursery”

p. 275 #6495100

“Spodoptera litura on papaya, cabbage and tobacco nursery”

p. 275 #6495101

“on lucerne and cauliflower in Gujarat”

p. 275 #6495102

“recovered from Plassey borer, Chilo tumidicostalis”

p. 275 #6495103

“Papilio polytes Linnaeus on curry leaves Murraya koenigii”

p. 303 #6495134

“different species of leaf miners including potato and pea leaf miners”

p. 321 #6495150

“potato and pea leaf miners”

p. 321 #6495151

“substantial losses to legume, fibre, cereal, oilseed and vegetable crop”

p. 322 #6495152

“to control D. Saccharalis and other lepidopterous sugarcane borers”

p. 322 #6495153

“Diaphorina citri acts as vector for the bacterium causing Citrus Greening disease”

p. 213 #6495050

“occurs on several grass species, especially prairie grass”

p. 95 #6493216

“and Lolium sp.”

p. 95 #6493217

“reared from Aphis nerii BdF on Nerium oleander L. in Cuba”

p. 94 #6493218

“economically injurious infestations of the aphid were virtually nonexistent”

p. 94 #6493219

“damages the leaves and transmits viruses resulting in dwarf trees”

p. 94 #6493220

“this aphid is a pest of, among others, Citrus and Coffea”

p. 94 #6493221

“occurs widely in eastern Australia on barley and oats”

p. 95 #6493222

“occurs widely in eastern Australia on barley and oats”

p. 95 #6493223

“less common on wheat, triticale and forage sorghum”

p. 95 #6493224

“caused severe losses to the country's 70,000 farmers”

p. 96 #6493225

“an aphid attacking fruit trees, particularly peach and almond”

p. 96 #6493226

“aphid had killed US$41 million worth of trees in Africa by 1991”

p. 97 #6493227

“infests a wide range of Cupressaceae, including indigenous species, such as Mulanje cedar”

p. 97 #6493228

“highly infested food plants were Abelmoschus esculentus”

p. 97 #6493229

“highly infested food plants were Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench, Cajanus cajan”

p. 97 #6493230

“highly infested food plants were … Capsicum frutescens L.”

p. 97 #6493231

“highly infested food plants were … Solanum melongena L.”

p. 97 #6493232

“peak aphid population had rapidly decreased in the fields of L. siceraria”

p. 98 #6493233

“on C. maxima, 50% reduction in the aphid population was noticed”

p. 98 #6493234

“highly infested food plants were … Tagetes erecta L.”

p. 97 #6493235

“highly infested food plants were … Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.”

p. 97 #6493236

“Aphis gossypii is the most serious pest of greenhouse-grown chrysanthemum”

p. 98 #6493237

“became the major insect pest of cassava”

p. 140 #6493342

“papaya mealybug emerged as a serious threat to papaya”

p. 139 #6493343

“serious threat to papaya, cassava and mulberry cultivation”

p. 139 #6493344

“serious threat to papaya, cassava and mulberry cultivation”

p. 139 #6493345

“became the major insect pest of cassava”

p. 140 #6493346

“sugarcane setts infested with M. glomerata nymphs”

p. 138 #6493347

“Biological control of citrus mealybug, Planococcus citri with an introduced parasite”

p. 138 #6493348

“widely distributed on various agricultural crops such as wheat, barley, oats, maize”

p. 154 #6493365

“widely distributed on various agricultural crops such as wheat, barley, oats, maize”

p. 154 #6493366

“widely distributed on various agricultural crops such as wheat, barley, oats, maize”

p. 154 #6493367

“damage reported up to 28% in potential sugarcane yield”

p. 154 #6493368

“locate and parasitize this stem borer inside galleries within sugarcane stems”

p. 154 #6493369

“first record of this pest in India was from Coimbatore in 1907 on Palmyra plants”

p. 154 #6493370

“diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, which is a major pest of Brassicaceae”

p. 155 #6493371

“Tuta absoluta, one of the most destructive pests of tomato, has recently invaded India”

p. 155 #6493372

“A. mali has emerged as a key population regulatory agent of E. lanigerum”

p. 153 #6493373

“very effective in controlling P. citri on acid lime, lemon, mandarins”

p. 153 #6493374

“very effective in controlling P. citri on acid lime, lemon, mandarins”

p. 153 #6493375

“very effective in controlling P. citri on acid lime, lemon, mandarins, sweet oranges”

p. 153 #6493376

“very effective in controlling P. citri on acid lime, lemon, mandarins, sweet oranges, guava”

p. 153 #6493377

“very effective in controlling P. citri on acid lime, lemon, mandarins, sweet oranges, guava, coffee”

p. 153 #6493378

“new record of Tetrastichus howardi as a parasitoid of Diatraea saccharalis on maize”

p. 154 #6493379

“effectively utilised in the biocontrol of sugarcane borers in Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Gujarat”

p. 155 #6493380

“Whiteflies feed on phloem sap and reduce the growth of their host plants”

p. 153 #6493381

“Paper industries in India faced heavy losses due to Eucalyptus gall wasp”

p. 213 #6495049

“Phymastichus coffea is a successfully established biocontrol against coffee berry borer”

p. 213 #6495052

“Tetrastichus pyrillae and T. ayyari for Pyrilla perpusilla on sugarcane”

p. 214 #6495053

“Aprostocetus spp. are the most important natural enemy of sorghum midge”

p. 214 #6495055

“Clavigralla gibbosa and C. scutellaris, important insect pests of pigeonpea, Cajanus cajan”

p. 267 #6495073

“Paratelenomus saccharalis phoretic on Megacopta cribraria on Dolichos lablab”

p. 271 #6495074

“Melanaspis glomerata (Diaspididae) infesting sugarcane”

p. 298 #6495126

“Aclerdata kahashii Kuwana (Aclerdidae) infesting sugarcane”

p. 298 #6495127

“the sugarcane woolly aphid, Ceratovacuna lanigera”

p. 300 #6495128

“woolly apple aphid (Eriosoma lanigerum), a pest of apple trees”

p. 303 #6495129

“Encarsia perniciosi is a host specific parasitoid of Quadraspidiotus perniciosus”

p. 302 #6495130

“Aphytis melinus is a common biparental ectoparasitoid of Aonidiella aurantii”

p. 303 #6495131

“preventing the establishment of the greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum)”

p. 304 #6495132

“specific parasitoid of gall-making aphids of the genus Pemphigus on poplar trees”

p. 302 #6495133

“Flies are one of the most ancient pollinators of flowering plants”

p. 320 #6495149