Ecological Interactions and Biological Control

“Collapse of the pest population coincided with the increase in the natural enemies, especially C. albicans”

p. 6 #6492848

“Cyzenis albicans (Fallen) and Agypon flaveolatum established throughout the geographic range of the pest”

p. 6 #6492849

“rust fungus Puccinia chondrillina was introduced from the Mediterranean region”

p. 7 #6492850

“introduced from the Mediterranean region of Europe into Australia and the western United States”

p. 7 #6492851

“crown gall caused by Agrobacterium tumefociens is controlled by a single application of A. radiobacter strain K-84”

p. 8 #6492852

“only three natural enemies, Eriborus terebrans Grav., Macrocentrus grandii, and Nosema pyrausta, are frequently encountered”

p. 9 #6492853

“only three natural enemies, Eriborus terebrans Grav., Macrocentrus grandii, and Nosema pyrausta, are frequently encountered”

p. 9 #6492854

“Rhinocyllus conicus controls musk thisde, Carduus nutans, by destroying a large proportion of the seed heads”

p. 21 #6492855

“Chrysolina quadrigemina is the principal species controlling Klamath weed”

p. 21 #6492856

“C. hyperici is often found in sites with higher moisture”

p. 21 #6492857

“the flea beetle alone will give complete control when there is plant competition”

p. 20 #6492858

“Urophora affinis capitulum, and U. quadrifasciata capitulum at Chase, British Columbia”

p. 219 #6492859

“Urophora affinis capitulum, and U. quadrifasciata capitulum at Chase, British Columbia”

p. 219 #6492860

“Control of damping-off caused by Pythium ultimum and Rhizoctonia solani on zinnia”

p. 264 #6492861

“killed 97 percent of the scales in less than four weeks”

p. 44 #6492879

“regularly killed more than 90 percent of both scale species”

p. 45 #6492880

“regularly killed more than 90 percent of both scale species”

p. 45 #6492881

“destroyed more than 98 percent of all adelgid ovisacs”

p. 46 #6492882

“collectively killed more than 98 percent of the adelgid eggs”

p. 45 #6492883

“collectively killed more than 98 percent of the adelgid eggs”

p. 45 #6492884

“collectively killed more than 98 percent of the adelgid eggs”

p. 45 #6492885

“Limitations of Trichogramma nubilale as an inundative biological control of Ostrinia nubilalis”

p. 24 #6492886

“C. myriophylli can have an extensive negative impact on M. spicatum”

#6492959

“Eurasian watermilfoil decline...clearly associated with damage by weevils”

#6492960

“In Australia the weevil very effectively controlled Salvinia”

#6492961

“parasitism ranged from 20 to 90 percent”

#6492962

“Trichogramma brassicae has been implemented successfully in parts of Europe”

#6492963

“use of T. dendrolimi in control of Asian corn borer is common in China”

#6492964

“successful introduction of Puccinia chondriOina...for the control of rush skeletonweed”

#6492965

“phenazine antibiotic has been demonstrated to contribute strongly to suppression of take-all”

p. 111 #6492979

“Agrobacterium radiobacter strain 84 used to control crown gall formation caused by A. tumefaciens”

p. 111 #6492980

“hydrogen cyanide and 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol contributes to suppression of tobacco root rot”

p. 111 #6492981

“pyoluteorin contributes to the suppression of damping-off disease of cress caused by Pythium ultimum”

p. 111 #6492982

“biological control of northern jointvetch in rice with an endemic fungal disease”

p. 99 #6492996

“2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol contributes to the suppression of take-all of wheat”

p. 111 #6492997

“competition for iron mediated through siderophores by Pseudomonas fluorescens is a factor in biological control”

p. 130 #6493035

“pear and apple blossoms are protected against fire blight by the application of E. herbicola”

p. 130 #6493036

“pear and apple blossoms are protected against fire blight by the application of E. herbicola or Pseudomonas fluorescens”

p. 130 #6493037

“Pseudomonas cepacia. A potential suppressor of maize soil-borne diseases-seed inoculation and maize root colonization”

p. 123 #6493038

“Relationship between root colonization and suppression of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici by Pseudomonas fluorescens strain 2-79”

p. 122 #6493048

“Suppression of root diseases by Pseudomonas fluorescens CHAO: Importance of the bacterial secondary metabolite 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol”

p. 124 #6493049

“Phenazine antibiotic biosynthesis in Pseudomonas aureofaciens 30-84 is regulated by PhzR in response to cell density”

p. 125 #6493050

“phytoseiid mite Phytoseiulus persimilis is used to control spider mites in strawberries in California”

p. 139 #6493051

“In some parasitoids, such as Encarsia formosa, males are produced as a result of superparasitism”

p. 141 #6493052

“industrial-scale production facilities have been built in North America. These produce phytoseiid mites and Trichogramma spp. parasitoids”

p. 139 #6493053

“Mass rearing of the mealybug predator Cryptolaemus montrouzieri was severely affected”

p. 143 #6493061

“predatory midge, Aphidoletes aphidimyza … for control of greenhouse aphids”

p. 143 #6493062

“Whitefly and its parasite, Encarsia formosa”

p. 148 #6493063

“Trichogramma spp. parasitoids reared in the People's Republic of China on artificial eggs”

p. 144 #6493064

“it is occasionally possible to collect large numbers of Orius spp. adults”

p. 143 #6493065

“use of rusts (Puccinia jaceae Otth.) for the control of diffuse knapweed”

p. 164 #6493066

“skeleton weed (Chondrilla juncea) control with the use of Puccinia chondrillina”

p. 164 #6493067

“Collego is used for the control of northern jointvetch in rice and soybean”

p. 165 #6493068

“Macrocentrus grandii, a braconid wasp that parasitizes corn borer larvae”

p. 200 #6493076

“disappearance of Lydella thompsoni in Nebraska may be an example”

p. 200 #6493077

“contribute nitrogen to the main crop”

p. 178 #6493069

“caused considerable damage to apple orchards and oak woodlands”

p. 6 #6492843

“caused considerable damage to apple orchards and oak woodlands”

p. 6 #6492844

“parasitism by all three combined rarely exceeds 30 percent”

p. 9 #6492846

“caused considerable damage to apple orchards and oak woodlands”

p. 6 #6492847

“needles to discolor and drop prematurely and branches to die”

p. 33 #6492864

“needles to discolor and drop prematurely and branches to die”

p. 33 #6492865

“causes rapid desiccation and drop of needles, dieback of main limbs”

p. 33 #6492866

“all native and common exotic Picea spp. are unsuitable hosts for the sexuparae”

p. 40 #6492867

“M. matsumurae has caused extensive injury to Pinus densiflora, P. thunbergiana”

p. 33 #6492868

“M. matsumurae has caused extensive injury to ... P. tabulaeformis”

p. 33 #6492869

“killed 97 percent of the scales in one heavily infested stand of P. massoniana”

p. 44 #6492870

“needles to discolor and drop prematurely and branches to die”

p. 33 #6492871

“needles to discolor and drop prematurely and branches to die”

p. 33 #6492872

“causes discoloration and dieback of branches and tree death within two to five years”

p. 33 #6492873

“causes the same type of damage as M. matsumurae”

p. 38 #6492874

“M. matsumurae has caused extensive injury to Pinus densiflora”

p. 33 #6492875

“M. matsumurae has caused extensive injury to ... P. thunbergiana”

p. 33 #6492876

“M. matsumurae has caused extensive injury to ... P. tabulaeformis”

p. 33 #6492877

“Japanese hemlocks were tolerant to attack by A. tsugae”

p. 45 #6492878

“P. stratiotata was too broad a generalist to be employed as a control”

#6492953

“Acentria nivea had a significant negative effect on Eurasian watermilfoil”

#6492954

“Larval feeding destroys meristems, and stem vascular tissue is removed as a result of tunneling”

#6492955

“Phytobius caused damage to Eurasian watermilfoil flowers”

#6492956

“larvae fed on both plant species and could cause local damage”

#6492957

“yield loss per European corn borer tunnel per plant”

#6492958

“Native hyperparasitoids attack the aphid parasitoid Aphidius matricariae during spring and summer”

p. 143 #6493054

“suppression of take-all of wheat caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis”

p. 8 #6492842

“damping-off disease caused by the oomycete pathogen, Phytophthora medicaginis, on alfalfa seedlings”

p. 109 #6492983

“suppresses infection of tobacco seedlings by P. parasitica var. nicotianae, the causative agent of black-shank”

p. 109 #6492984

“suppresses seedling disease of alfalfa, tomato, maize, and tobacco caused by Pythium spp.”

p. 109 #6492985

“suppresses seedling disease of alfalfa, tomato, maize, and tobacco caused by Pythium spp.”

p. 109 #6492986

“suppresses seedling disease of alfalfa, tomato, maize, and tobacco caused by Pythium spp.”

p. 109 #6492987

“suppresses seedling disease of alfalfa, tomato, maize, and tobacco caused by Pythium spp.”

p. 109 #6492988

“coapplication of UW85 and zoospores of Pythium aphanidermatum on cucumber wounds results in significantly less rotting”

p. 109 #6492989

“UW85 provided impressive protection against sclerotinia blight of peanut caused by Sclerotinia minor”

p. 109 #6492990

“suppression of tobacco root rot caused by Thielaviopsis basicola”

p. 111 #6492991

“suppression of take-all of wheat caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis”

p. 111 #6492992

“pyrrolnitrin contributes to the suppression of Rhizoctonia solani on cotton seedlings”

p. 111 #6492993

“pyoluteorin contributes to the suppression of the oomycete pathogen P. ultimum on cotton seedlings”

p. 111 #6492994

“pyoluteorin contributes to the suppression of damping-off disease of cress caused by Pythium ultimum”

p. 111 #6492995

“suppression of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici by Pseudomonas fluorescens strain 2-79”

p. 122 #6493039

“Control of Rhizoctonia solani on cotton seedlings with Pseudomonas fluorescens”

p. 124 #6493040

“Suppression of Pythium ultimum-induced damping-off of cotton seedlings by Pseudomonas fluorescens”

p. 124 #6493041

“pear and apple blossoms are protected against fire blight (caused by Erwinia amylovora)”

p. 130 #6493042

“pear and apple blossoms are protected against fire blight (caused by Erwinia amylovora)”

p. 130 #6493043

“biological control of frost injury on strawberry blossoms”

p. 130 #6493044

“Biocontrol of Fusarium wilt of cucumber resulting from interactions between Pseudomonas putida and non-pathogenic isolates of Fusarium oxysporum”

p. 137 #6493045

“Antagonistic effect on non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum Fo47 and Pseudobactin 358 upon pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi”

p. 137 #6493046

“use of Peniophora gigantea as a pine stump protectant against Heterobasidion (Fomes) annosus”

p. 130 #6493047

“twenty-four factors for powdery mildew resistance in groundsel, Senecio vulgaris”

p. 149 #6493055

“use of rusts (Puccinia jaceae Otth.) for the control of diffuse knapweed”

p. 164 #6493056

“skeleton weed (Chondrilla juncea) control with the use of Puccinia chondrillina”

p. 164 #6493057

“Pseudomonas fluorescens strain D7, reduced plant populations and aboveground growth of downy brome 31 percent and 53 percent”

p. 168 #6493058

“suffered reduced pupal viability and adult longevity when it ingested N. pyrausta spores”

p. 200 #6493070

“rush skeletonweed in wheat and ranges”

p. 7 #6492841

“rush skeletonweed in wheat and ranges”

p. 7 #6492845

“decline of vegetation under dense Eurasian watermilfoil canopies”

#6492952

“stunted wheat plants were heavily colonized by bacteria that produced plant inhibitory compounds”

p. 165 #6493059

“Downy brome control in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) with herbicides has had limited success”

p. 167 #6493060

“Biocontrol of jointed goatgrass. Patent number 07/597,150”

p. 175 #6493071

“most abundant weeds were yellow foxtail, green foxtail, common lambsquarters, and redroot pigweed”

p. 181 #6493072

“most abundant weeds were yellow foxtail, green foxtail, common lambsquarters, and redroot pigweed”

p. 181 #6493073

“most abundant weeds were yellow foxtail, green foxtail, common lambsquarters, and redroot pigweed”

p. 181 #6493074

“most abundant weeds were yellow foxtail, green foxtail, common lambsquarters, and redroot pigweed”

p. 181 #6493075